6410-007-N-N-N PACIFIC SCIENTIFIC

Since the US financial crisis in 2008,western developed countries have begun to promote the”return of manufacturing”plan.For example,the United States signed the”Manufacturing Promotion Act”in August 2010,and released the”National Strategic Plan for Advanced Manufacturing”in February 2012;Germany released the”2020 High-Tech Strategy”in July 2010,and in 2013 issued the”Implementation of”Industry 4.0″”Strategic Proposal”;France’s March 2010 Industrial Revitalization Plan;etc.

Since 2020,in the face of the impact of the new crown pneumonia epidemic,Western developed countries have further implemented key supply chain return policies(see Table 1).In December 2021,U.S.Secretary of Commerce Raimondo announced that he would seek to establish a new economic structure beyond the CPTPP,focusing on areas such as supply chain coordination,export controls,and artificial intelligence standards to maintain a”secure supply chain.”

从2008年美国金融危机以后，西方发达国家就开始推动“制造业回归”计划。例如，美国2010年8月签署《制造业促进法案》，2012年2月发布《先进制造业国家战略计划》；德国2010年7月发布《2020高科技战略》，2013年发布《实施“工业4.0”战略建议书》；法国2010年3月实施工业振兴计划；等等。

2020年以来，面对新冠肺炎疫情的冲击，西方发达国家进一步实施关键供应链回归政策（见表1）。2021年12月，美国商务部长雷蒙多宣布，寻求成立一个超越CPTPP的新型经济架构，聚焦供应链协调、出口管制和人工智能标准等领域，维持“安全的供应链”。