140CPS11100 SCHNEIDER

In 2015,the R&D investment intensity of China’s manufacturing industry was 1.1,which was far lower than 4.0 in the United States,3.4 in Japan,2.3 in Germany,and 1.9 in South Korea.Much lower than the 73.3%in the United States,58.7%in South Korea,41.2%in Japan,and 34.3%in Germany.

Some key components,key materials,and key components are heavily dependent on imports,and key technologies are in the hands of developed Western countries,and there is a problem of”stuck neck”.According to the data reported in the”Science and Technology Daily”series in 2018,35 key technologies and key components were”stuck”.According to the data of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,among the more than 130 kinds of key basic materials of more than 30 enterprises surveyed,32%are blank,and 52%are dependent on imports.

2015年中国制造业研发投入强度为1.1，远远低于美国的4.0、日本的3.4、德国的2.3、韩国的1.9；中国高技术产业研发经费占制造业研发经费的比重为26.3%，也远远低于美国的73.3%、韩国的58.7%、日本的41.2%、德国的34.3%。

一些关键零部件、关键材料和关键元器件等严重依赖进口，关键技术掌握在西方发达国家手中，存在“卡脖子”的问题。据2018年《科技日报》系列报道的数据，有35项关键技术和关键零部件属于被“卡脖子”的。另据工信部数据，在调查的30多家企业130多种关键基础材料中，空白的占32%，依赖进口的占52%。