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The latest round of global industrial chain reform began in the mid-to-late 1980s and was driven by a variety of factors.The first is the information and communication technology(ICT)revolution,which enables companies in industrialized countries to move parts of their production processes to other countries,while also enabling supply chain management to remain smooth and efficient.

The second is the promotion of the World Trade Organization and regional trade agreements.In 1986,the EU absorbed new members such as Spain,Portugal and Greece,and later some new members from Eastern Europe.In the 1990s,regional integration organizations such as the North American Free Trade Area,the Southern Common Market Trade Area and the ASEAN Free Trade Area were successively established,and the WTO was established.The WTO and regional integration organizations have greatly reduced the cost of international trade,especially tariffs and other non-tariff barriers.

Once again,many developing countries participate in the global industrial chain,especially some countries or regions such as Eastern Europe,East Asia and Southeast Asia.In the past 50 years,the ratio of world trade to world GDP has increased by 1.72 times,of which 80%of the increase occurred between 1986 and 2008.Therefore,the period from 1986 to 2008 is called the golden age of trade liberalization and the”hyper-globalization period”.

最新一轮的全球产业链变革起始于20世纪80年代中后期，是由多种因素促动的。首先是信息和通信技术（ICT）革命，使工业化国家的企业能够将其生产过程的某些部分转移到其他国家或地区，同时还能够使得供应链管理保持顺畅、高效。

其次是世界贸易组织和区域贸易协定的推动。1986年，欧盟吸收西班牙、葡萄牙和希腊等新成员，之后又吸收东欧的一些新成员。20世纪90年代相继成立北美自由贸易区、南方共同市场贸易区及东盟自由贸易区等区域一体化组织，成立了WTO。WTO和区域一体化组织极大地降低了国际贸易成本，尤其是关税和其他非关税壁垒。

再次是众多发展中国家参与全球产业链，尤其是东欧、东亚和东南亚等一些国家或地区。在过去50年，世界贸易与世界GDP的比率增加了1.72倍，其中80%的增长发生在1986~2008年。因此，1986~2008年被称为贸易自由化的黄金时代、“超全球化时期”。