DI426 B&R

型号：DI426

　品牌：B&R

为了便于故障的及时解决，首先要区分故障是全局性还是局部性的，如上位机显示多处控制元件工作不正常，提示很多报警信息，这就需要检查CPU模块、存储器模块、通信模块及电源等公共部分。如果是局部性故障可从以下几方面进行分析。

1.根据上位机的报警信息查找故障。PLC控制系统都具有丰富的自诊断功能，当系统发生故障时立即给出报警信息，可以迅速、准确地查明原因并确定故障部位，具有事半功倍的效果，是维修人员排除故障的基本手段和方法。

2.根据动作顺序诊断故障。对于自动控制，其动作都是按照一定的顺序来完成的，通过观察系统的运动过程，比较故障和正常时的情况，即可发现疑点，诊断出故障原因。如某水泵需要前后阀门都要打开才能开启，如果管路不通水泵是不能启动的。

3.根据PLC输入输出口状态诊断故障。在PLC控制系统中，输入输出信号的传递是通过PLC的I/O模块实现的，因此一些故障会在PLC的1/0接口通道上反映出来，这个特点为故障诊断提供了方便。如果不是PLC系统本身的硬件故障，可不必查看程序和有关电路图，通过查询PLC的I/O接口状态，即可找出故障原因。因此要熟悉控制对象的PLC的I/O通常状态和故障状态。

4.通过PLC程序诊断故障。PLC控制系统出现的绝大部分故障都是通过PLC程序检查出来的。有些故障可在屏幕上直接显示出报警原因;有些虽然在屏幕上有报警信息，但并没有直接反映出报警的原因;还有些故障不产生报警信息，只是有些动作不执行。遇到后两种情况，跟踪PLC程序的运行是确诊故障的有效方法。对于简单故障可根据程序通过PLC的状态显示信息，监视相关输人、输出及标志位的状态，跟踪程序的运行，而复杂的故障必须使用编程器来跟踪程序的运行。如某水泵不工作，检查发现对应的PLC输出端口为0，于是通过查看程序发现热水泵还受到水温的控制，水温不够PLC就没有输出，把水温升高后故障排除。

In order to solve the fault in time,it is necessary to distinguish whether the fault is global or local.For example,the upper computer displays that several control elements are not working properly and prompts many alarm messages.This requires checking the CPU module,memory module,communication module,power supply and other public parts.If it is a local fault,it can be analyzed from the following aspects.

1.Find the fault according to the alarm information of the upper computer.PLC control systems all have rich self diagnosis functions.When the system fails,it will immediately give alarm information,which can quickly and accurately find out the cause and determine the fault location.With twice the result with half the effort,it is the basic means and method for maintenance personnel to eliminate faults.

2.Diagnose the fault according to the action sequence.For automatic control,its actions are completed in a certain order.By observing the movement process of the system and comparing the fault and normal conditions,we can find out the doubtful points and diagnose the fault causes.For example,the front and rear valves of a water pump need to be opened before it can be opened.If the pipeline is blocked,the water pump cannot be started.

3.Diagnose the fault according to the status of PLC input and output ports.In the PLC control system,the transmission of input and output signals is realized through the I/O module of the PLC,so some faults will be reflected on the 1/0 interface channel of the PLC,which provides convenience for fault diagnosis.If it is not the hardware fault of the PLC system itself,you can find out the cause of the fault by querying the I/O interface status of the PLC without checking the program and relevant circuit diagrams.Therefore,you should be familiar with the general I/O status and fault status of the PLC that controls the object.

4.Diagnose the fault through PLC program.Most faults of PLC control system are detected by PLC program.Some faults can directly display the alarm causes on the screen;Some have alarm information on the screen,but do not directly reflect the cause of the alarm;Some faults do not generate alarm information,but some actions are not executed.In the latter two cases,tracking the operation of PLC program is an effective method to diagnose the fault.For simple faults,the status of relevant inputs,outputs and flag bits can be monitored according to the status display information of the PLC through the program to track the operation of the program.For complex faults,the programmer must be used to track the operation of the program.If a water pump does not work,check and find that the corresponding PLC output port is 0.Then check the program and find that the hot water pump is still under the control of water temperature.If the water temperature is not enough,the PLC will not output.After the water temperature rises,troubleshoot.

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